Can pay-for-performance programs be patient-centered?

Current P4P programs could cause distrust between patient and physician, warns the American College of Physicians, and may unintentionally prompt a doctor to:

With those concerns in mind, the ACP hopes to promote pay-for-performance programs that are more patient-centered. They are concerned that the design of current programs is too limited, focusing on a few specific elements of a single disease or condition to measure and neglecting important other elements of a disease or comorbid conditions. In a position paper published in the Annals of Internal Medicine (12/4/2007), the organization recommended the following actions: