CDC recommends HIV testing all patients aged 13 to 64
Testing should be performed annually on high-risk patients
High-risk populations include injection-drug users and their sex partners, individuals who exchange sex for money or drugs, sex partners of HIV-infected individuals, and heterosexuals if they or their sex partners have had ≥ 1 sex partner since their most recent HIV test
Annual testing for chlamydia and gonorrhea is recommended in sexually active women < 25, and those older who have a new partner, multiple partners or a partner with a STD
Type-specific HSV testing should be considered in patients who present for STI evaluation
Hepatitis C testing should be done on women born between 1945 and 1965 and patients who are at high risk, including individuals on immunosuppressive therapy or hemodialysis or who are HIV-positive
ACS recommends screening average-risk patients at age 45
Options include colonoscopy every 10 years, computed tomographic colonography or sigmoidoscopy every 5 years, take-home high-sensitivity guaiac-based FOBT or FIT annually, and multitargeted stool-DNA testing every 3 years
A positive result on a non-colonoscopy test should trigger colonoscopy
The AHA-approved cut-off for diagnosis of hypertension is now 130/80 mg/Hg
The risk calculator (cvriskcalculator.com) should be used instead of LDL levels to determine whether use of statins is warranted
To determine need for statins in patients with a 10-year risk of 5% to 20%, coronary artery calcium scoring is recommended by the Society for Cardiovascular Computed Tomography
Screening for diabetes should be done after pregnancy and in patients who have hypertension, hyperlipidemia or obesity (aged 40-70)
For patients aged ≥ 45, a baseline fasting blood sugar and repeat screening at least every 3 years thereafter are recommended
Annual screening is recommended for patients who are overweight or have risk factors for diabetes