This week at Contemporary OB/GYN®, we covered topics ranging from how PCOS subtypes can allow individualized care to fosfomycin's approval for treating cUTIs. Click the links below to read anything you might have missed from Monday, November 3, to Friday, November 7, 2025.

Elisabet Stener-Victorin, PhD, highlights 4 unique PCOS subtypes for personalized care

In a recent interview with Contemporary OB/GYN, Elisabet Stener-Victorin, PhD, professor at Karolinska Institutet, discussed new findings on polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) subtypes and how they can guide more personalized patient care.

She explained that the largest study to date has identified 4 distinct PCOS subclusters, each defined by unique hormonal and metabolic profiles that influence clinical risks and treatment needs. The first subtype is the hyperandrogenic phenotype, characterized by elevated androgen levels.

Patients in this group face the highest risk of miscarriage, abnormal lipid profiles, and type 2 diabetes. Because excess androgens drive many of their symptoms, these patients often benefit from treatments specifically aimed at lowering androgen levels, which can help improve ovulation regularity.

AMH levels predict fertility treatment success in cancer patients

Researchers from the Cancer Center at Illinois (CCIL) have highlighted anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) levels as an indicator of the odds for success during fertility treatment, publishing their findings in Frontiers in Oncology.

Their research indicated a live birth rate between 35% and 42% when AMH levels are between 2.1 and 2.8 ng/ml. This provides an avenue for clinicians to predict success odds in patients undergoing fertility preservation after chemotherapy, which is currently not possible.

“The goal of this study was to find out if we could identify certain substances in the blood of young women with cancer that might help predict their chances of having a healthy baby after cancer treatment,” said Hillary Klonoff-Cohen, PhD, CCIL member and study co-author.

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FDA approves fosfomycin for treating cUTIs

The FDA has approved fosfomycin (CONTEPO; Meitheal Pharmaceuticals, Inc.) as an injection to treat complicated urinary tract infections (cUTIs) such as acute pyelonephritis in patients aged at least 18 years.

With no known cross-resistance to other antibiotic classes, fosfomycin has shown efficacy against the Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae strands linked to cUTIs. It is an injectable epoxide that targets bacteria’s cell wall at an earlier stage compared with β-lactam antibiotics.

"The rise of multi-drug-resistant pathogens poses a significant threat to our ability to combat infectious diseases, underscoring the continued need for novel therapies that target resistant organisms in patients having cUTIs," said Keith S. Kaye, MD, MPH, chief of the Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases at Robert Wood Johnson Medical School.

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Boosting cervical cancer screening in FQHCs could reach 1.8 million more women

Despite their efficacy, Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC) Hollings Cancer Center researchers have found that federally qualified health centers (FQHCs) remain underutilized toward reducing gaps in cervical cancer screening (CCS), publishing their findings in JAMA Network Open.

The data indicated only 55% of woman visiting FQHCs were up to date (UTD) on their CCS. However, increasing screening rates to the Healthy People 2030 (HP2030) goal of 79% could allow care to reach an addition 1.87 million women, which can lead to identification or prevention of thousands of cancers.

“FQHCs are the backbone of the nation’s safety net health system,” said Trisha Amboree, PhD, assistant professor at MUSC. “Screening and prevention in those settings not only saves lives but also saves money, preserves quality of life, and supports people’s ability to contribute to their families and communities.”

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Postpartum complications common in first year after birth

Researchers have reported anxiety, depression, hypertension, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and hemorrhage as the most frequent complications in the first year postpartum, publishing their findings in the American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology.

Postpartum hemorrhage was the most common procedural complication reported, in 14 systematic reviews and all retrospective cohort studies. Of psychosocial conditions, postpartum depression was examined in 31 studies, making it the most common. This was followed by anxiety in 11 studies.

Consistent methods of measurement were not reported for postpartum anxiety or posttraumatic stress disorder, but postpartum depression was frequently assessed using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Varying frequencies were reported for certain complications depending on timing, such as 35.8% for intimate partner violence at 1-month postpartum vs 21.6% at 12 months.

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