Howard I. Glazer, PhD

Vulvodynia is a general term which means, simply and literally, "pain in the vulva." It is not the name of a disease, but a symptom, just like "headache." Vulvar vestibulitis is a syndrome in which there is pain at specific points in the vulvar vestibule (the portion surrounding the entrance to the vagina).

Botulinum toxin type A may be effective in reducing coital pain in vestibulodynia with levator ani tenderness, but has little effect on vestibular allodynia.

A Randomized Comparison of Group Cognitive-behavioral Therapy, Surface Electromyographic Biofeedback, andVestibulectomy in the Treatment of Dyspareunia Resulting from Vulvar Vestibulitis

The Web-enabled Glazer Surface Electromyographic Protocol for the Remote, Real-time Assessment and Rehabilitation of Pelvic Floor Dysfunction in Vulvar Vestibulitis Syndrome: A Case Report

Biofeedback is a self regulation training technique derived from well established principles of human learning. Biofeedback is a technique, not a stand alone treatment, which is one component of a behavioral training program to facilitate acquisition of pelvic floor muscle control and other continence skills.

Thirty-three women diagnosed as suffering from vulvar vestibulitis syndrome, marked by a significant history of long-term moderate to severe chronic introital dyspareunia and tenderness of the vulvar vestibule, were selected for treatment.

The Treatment of Vulvovaginal Pain Disorders with Surface Electromyographic Assisted Pelvic Floor Muscle Rehabilitation