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In vitro fertilization (IVF) ignited a revolution in infertility treatment.

Although there have been no clinical trials to conclusively establish a cause-and-effect relationship between ovulation induction with clomiphene citrate or gonadotropins and cancer, evidence derived from prospective and cohort studies suggests the following:

A fetus is more likely to have chromosomal instability, expressed as an increase in structural chromosomal abnormalities and chromosomal lesions, when a woman smokes 10 or more cigarettes a day for at least 10 years and continues to smoke during pregnancy. And that danger is not influenced by maternal age.

Women with BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations are not only at greater risk for invasive breast cancer (IBC); the latest research suggests these mutations also increase the threat of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), according to a case-control study conducted in Connecticut.

Despite knowing for years that giving antibiotics prior to surgery reduces the risk of infection, antimicrobial prophylaxis is administered properly only about half the time.

The risks of neonatal convulsions and neonatal withdrawal syndrome seem to increase when a pregnant women uses selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), with paroxetine being the worst offender, according to cases reported by 72 countries to the World Health Organization's Collaborating Centre for International Drug Monitoring in Uppsala, Sweden.

Pregnant asthmatics who use inhaled steroids don't increase their risk of pregnancy-induced hypertension or preeclampsia, according to a recent nested case-control study from Canada.

Adjuvant treatment with cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil (CMF) in women with operable breast cancer at risk of relapse halves that threat and reduces the risk of death with minimal long-term sequelae.

Pregnant asthmatics who use inhaled steroids don't increase their risk of pregnancy-induced hypertension or preeclampsia, according to a recent nested case-control study from Canada.

In a simulator study comparing McRoberts', anterior Rubin's, and posterior Rubin's maneuvers for initial management of shoulder dystocia, researchers from Johns Hopkins found that anterior Rubin's maneuver required the least traction for delivery and produced the least amount of brachial plexus tension.

The airline industry didn't wait for validation before they employed simulation in their credentialing program, and surgeons shouldn't either.

Abdominal sacral colpopexy is still the "gold standard" for this complicated problem. But early results with two minimally invasive procedures show promise for safely managing prolapse.

The emergence of magnetic resonance as a viable imaging tool for evaluating the breast presents new diagnostic possibilities for ob/gyns. But before you can use it wisely, you have to understand certain key clinical parameters, recognize the technical factors that affect the quality of breast MR images, and be familiar with current indications for the procedure.

Along with existing surgical simulators, like pelvic trainers and animal and cadaver labs, virtual reality training lets ob/gyns practice increasingly complex surgical techniques in a safe environment, without harming the patient.

Menopause is not simply the result of ovarian failure or depletion; evidently it's also the result of a hypothalamic-pituitary insensitivity to estrogen during the perimenopausal period, according to a multiethnic, observational, cohort study.

An expert shares ways to avoid misdiagnosing vulvovaginal infections by becoming better acquainted with the microscopy of vaginal secretions, routinely using both pH paper and the amine test, and prudently employing vaginal yeast and Trichomonas cultures.

Early diagnosis of m?llerian anomalies is important because they can have a significant impact on a woman?s reproductive potential. Sonographic clues lead the way to prompt and precise classification.

An improved version of this long-standing technique is back in favor and once again yielding impressive cure rates. Two experts give step-by-step guidelines for an easy-to-perform ablative alternative for persistent low-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.

When is OVD indicated? When do the risks outweigh the potential advantages? What should your pre-op assessment include? To answer these and related questions, two experts take an in-depth look at the research data.

The pathogenic triad of vascular stasis, hypercoagulability, and vascular injury remains the prime initiator of thrombosis, and gynecologic surgery is associated with all three.

Obesity has become epidemic in the United States. Why have obesity/overweight grown so rapidly and what role should the ob/gyn play in addressing this major health issue?

A new prediction model may reduce the rate of high-order multiple pregnancy (HOMP)—triplets or more—by about 75%, but only reduces the overall pregnancy rate by 8%, according to the results of a prospective study from Spain.

Menopause is not simply the result of ovarian failure or depletion; evidently it's also the result of a hypothalamic-pituitary insensitivity to estrogen during the perimenopausal period, according to a multiethnic, observational, cohort study.

The ability to obtain emergency contraception (EC) directly from a pharmacist does not mean women would be more inclined to use it than if they only had access through a clinic, according to a randomized, controlled trial of over 2,000 women.

Insisting that women in labor for the first time wait for epidurals does nothing to lower the cesarean section rate, according to a large, randomized, controlled trial in the New England Journal of Medicine.