Pediatrics

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Postterm birth seems to get a lot less attention than preterm birth when clinicians are discussing the risks of complications and death. But, unlike babies born too soon, timely delivery can almost entirely prevent the risks—including stillbirth—linked with prolonged pregnancy.

Contrary to the "fetal origins" hypothesis and suggestions of a strong inverse relationship between birthweight and subsequent blood cholesterol levels, a recent study finds that 1-kg lower birthweight may be associated with at most about 2.0 mg/dL (0.05 mmol/L) higher total cholesterol later in life—an amount unlikely to have much impact on public health.

Women with twin pregnancies should not be given prophylactic cerclage simply because they are carrying two fetuses. A 14-year retrospective study of twins using data from Matria Healthcare indicates that prophylactic cerclage is associated with a higher frequency of very premature delivery, low birth weight and very low birth weight infants, and more nursery days

Healthy women who have had a prior cesarean delivery can safely delivery vaginally. That is the conclusion of a 14-year retrospective study at the John H. Stroger Jr. Hospital of Cook County, IL.

We can do a better job of screening and testing sexually active teens and young adults for STIs. Keeping up with the latest evidence can help you decide when to test, whom to test, and which of a wide array of office- and lab-based tests to choose.

The risks of neonatal convulsions and neonatal withdrawal syndrome seem to increase when a pregnant women uses selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), with paroxetine being the worst offender, according to cases reported by 72 countries to the World Health Organization's Collaborating Centre for International Drug Monitoring in Uppsala, Sweden.

An improved version of this long-standing technique is back in favor and once again yielding impressive cure rates. Two experts give step-by-step guidelines for an easy-to-perform ablative alternative for persistent low-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.

When is OVD indicated? When do the risks outweigh the potential advantages? What should your pre-op assessment include? To answer these and related questions, two experts take an in-depth look at the research data.

The ability to obtain emergency contraception (EC) directly from a pharmacist does not mean women would be more inclined to use it than if they only had access through a clinic, according to a randomized, controlled trial of over 2,000 women.

In what is perhaps the largest study to date to evaluate the impact of neonatal infection on adverse outcomes in early childhood, researchers have found that neonatal infections among extremely low-birthweight (ELBW) infants are associated with serious adverse neurodevelopmental and growth outcomes in early childhood that contribute to long-term disability.

About 91% of low-grade abnormalities on Pap smears in immunocompetent young women regress within 3 years of their finding, and only about 3% progress to high-grade disease, according to a recent cohort study. The findings provide strong support for the position that subjecting all young women with low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) to colposcopy is unwarranted.