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This young adult female (22 years age) had no significant complaints and was referred for a routine ultrasound scan of the abdomen to rule out any pathology. She complained of minor thyroid complaints, and ultrasonography suggested presence of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis in this lady.

Increases in the prevalence of asthma, especially in children, have raised concern in the medical community, resulting in research to find possible causes and to explore potential means of prevention. Recently there has been some evidence linking acetaminophen (known as paracetamol in New Zealand) use in pregnant women and subsequent increased risk for asthma in their offspring.

A 37 year old woman came to me in July, 2009 with a prolapsing 8 cm. fibroid. She had been seen by her HMO doctors multiple times for heavy bleeding, had 15 ultrasounds, but nothing was done.

Experts are focused on how errors happen and how they can be reduced.

In a survey of more than 100 nurses, physicians, and administrators, participants were asked how often they witnessed or experienced disruptive behaviors.

A new study compared female ever-smokers with never-smokers and found that ever smoking cigarettes increases the risk for invasive breast cancer by 9% and current smoking increases the risk 16%.

In an effort to develop an improved blood test for early detection of ovarian cancer, a rigorous landmark validation study of 49 potential markers shows that blood levels of CA-125 protein remain the best bet.

A new analysis finds that measurements of body mass index, waist circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio might not be as valuable in predicting cardiovascular disease as previously thought.

Fish consumption during pregnancy has created a significant amount of discussion among scientists, policy makers and healthcare professionals.

Whether they use bisphosphonates or not, postmenopausal women need to pay more attention to their dental health.

A so-called "diabetes belt" reflecting a far higher prevalence of diabetes than in the rest of the US exists.

In an effort to quell the intractable problem of premature birth in the United States, the March of Dimes has joined with Stanford University School of Medicine in California to apply a transdisciplinary approach to the problem of prematurity.

A pediatrician recommends that a teenage girl begin using oral contraceptives, but her parents disagree with use of them. They are seeking a second opinion.

In the latest step toward making noninvasive detection of fetal trisomy 21 a reality, researchers in California evaluated a multiplexed, massively parallel shotgun sequencing assay to identify women carrying a fetal trisomy 21 fetus.

Because research shows that women are more likely than men to forgo, delay and ration medical care because of personal debt incurred from healthcare costs and expenses, investigators set out to determine whether financial hardships associated with medical debt also differ by gender.

Over the past 25 years, advances in cancer treatment have led to improved long-term survival rates among adult and pediatric cancer patients.

Among premenopausal women who have undergone mammography in the previous 2 years, mammography is more sensitive at detecting breast cancer when performed during the first week of the menstrual cycle than during the second, third or fourth.

Studies confirm that passive secondhand cigarette smoke inhaled by pregnant women increases risks for stillbirths, certain birth defects, and other adverse perinatal outcomes.

About half of 131 US medical schools surveyed reported that they had provided instruction to students on Medicare and Medicaid fraud and abuse laws in 2010.

The author takes a closer look at preterm birth and the issues surrounding it.

In addition to possibly decreasing the risk for diabetes and liver cancer, drinking 1 or more cups of coffee per day may lower a woman's risk for stroke by as much as 25%.

Women who smoke during the first trimester of pregnancy increase the risk of their offspring developing certain congenital heart defects by 20% to 70%.

At approximately 7 months gestation, a 29-year-old Illinois woman complained to the physician that she was experiencing burning pain in her right breast and clear discharge from the nipple.

Prenatal surgical repair of myelomeningocele reduces the need for cerebrospinal fluid shunting and improves motor outcomes at 30 months compared with traditional postnatal repair.

CMS will rescind a new Medicare rule requiring physicians to provide their signatures on requisitions for laboratory tests.

On March 31, the US Department of Health and Human Services released proposed new rules to help physicians and other healthcare providers better coordinate care for Medicare patients through accountable care organizations.

In Part 3, the speakers address the question: Is there a place for robot-assisted laparoscopy? They also discuss the benefits that should not be ignored and what role robot-assisted laparoscopy might play in clinical practice in the future.

Untreated sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in pregnancy can lead to such negative outcomes as spontaneous abortion, preterm birth, low birth weight, congenital infections, and other abnormalities.

One in 10 pregnant women experience depression with severe risks, and depression during pregnancy is associated with higher risks for complications as well as postpartum depression. Yet treating depression during pregnancy raises concerns for maternal well-being and fetus well-being alike, requiring clinicians to constantly balance the benefits of psychopharmacological agents for women while minimizing risks to their fetuses.

Children whose mothers used paracetamol during their pregnancy may have a slightly increased risk of childhood wheeze, according to a meta-analysis published in the April issue of Clinical & Experimental Allergy.