In humans, serotonin has typically been investigated as a neurotransmitter. However, serotonin also functions as a hormone across animal phyla, including those lacking an organized central nervous system. This hormonal action allows serotonin to have physiological consequences in systems outside the central nervous system. Fluctuations in estrogen levels over the lifespan and during ovarian cycles cause predictable changes in serotonin systems in female mammals.
Osteoporosis results in fractures and treatment of osteoporosis has been shown to reduce risk of fracture particularly in those who have had a history of fracture.
Fracture represents the single most important clinical event in patients with osteoporosis, yet remains under-predicted. As few premonitory symptoms for fracture exist, it is of critical importance that physicians effectively and efficiently identify individuals at increased fracture risk.
By some estimates, as many as 80% of women will have fibroids at some point in their lives. And, although many women are asymptomatic, their presence can cause extreme pain in some women and also may be a factor in infertility issues, with submucosal, intramural and subserosal fibroids (in a decreasing order of importance) impacting infertility. Moreover, some research has linked the presence of uterine fibroids with recurrent miscarriage in women, but the data thus far had been inconclusive.
According to some estimates, menstrual migraine effect about 60% to 70% of women. Since hormone levels might impact these migraines, Dr Vincent De Leo from the department of obstetrics and gynecology at the University of Siena in Italy, and colleagues sought to examine the impact of two different oral contraception regimens on the migraines.
Reassuring news for clinicians treating pregnant patients with cancer: chemotherapy does not appear to cause developmental problems in offspring. Dr Frederic Amant, assistant professor, staff gynecologic oncologist, and head of the scientific section of gynecologic oncology at Katholieke Universiteit in Leuven, Belgium, presented these findings at the 2011 European Multidisciplinary Cancer Congress.
The International Consensus adopted by the IFFS is an up-to-date focus on modern techniques of Assisted Medical Procreation (AMP), with respect to the reasons for which they have been proposed, the conditions for their realization and their possible risks.
Thinning hair due to the effects of male hormones (androgens) is called androgenic alopecia. It is a major source of psychological distress to women. This male-pattern hair loss is often seen in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), congenital adrenal hyperplasia, and other disorders of male hormone excess.
To mark January 2004 as Cervical Cancer Screening Month, the National Cervical Cancer Public Education Campaign today urged women to get screened for cervical cancer in order to prevent the disease.
While it is true that IVF maximizes a patient’s chance of conceiving quickly, the sad fact is that IVF has become very complex today. Normally, as a technology matures, it usually becomes simpler and easier to implement, but this has not been true with IVF, especially the way it is done in most IVF clinics in the USA today.
There are several steps that each woman should take before she even tries to become pregnant. A visit to a gynecologist (or qualified internist) should occur at least three months before a couple is ready to conceive. During this visit, a full physical examination should be done.
I am 28 years old and I've been actively trying to get pregnant for the past 2 years. I recently underwent a laparoscopy by my gynecologist. She told me that I had minimal endometriosis, but that my ovaries and tubes looked normal. She told me that endometriosis is associated with infertility, but I don't really understand the connection.
My gynecologist recently told me that I have polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and that I should try to lose weight before he gives me fertility medications. A friend told me that I should start taking a medicine to help lower my insulin levels. I'm confused about the connection between insulin and PCOS, and why I need to take an insulin-lowering medicine. I am 28 years old, and otherwise in good health.
I am a 34 year old woman that would like to have another child. I recently had surgery to remove my gallbladder and in the process there were pictures taken. I was told that my ovary is covered, all except one small area, by what looks like adhesions.
Human beings are remarkably fertile. Most females are capable of conceiving and bearing children beginning in their mid-teen years. While women in industrialized societies usually bear children in their 20s and 30s, women can give birth well into their 40s and beyond.
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Norma Larrea, of Mexico City, was 47 when she got osteoporosis. "I couldn't do my household chores and had pain throughout my body," she recalls. Her doctor did not diagnose osteoporosis. Eventually, after considerable suffering, a specialist in osteoporosis diagnosed her properly and treated her for the disease. Norma was lucky. Although her diagnosis was late, it came before she broke any bones.
How should you start searching for websites in the field of gynaecology? Of course, you could start at the FIGO website (http://www.figo.org), where there is much useful information. FIGO has 101 member societies, of which about 25 have their own websites at this moment.
The Internet has the potential to revolutionise the way we obtain and disseminate medical information. There is an enormous volume and variety of health-related information on the Internet [1, 2]. Some information available on the Internet about perinatology (aimed at professionals) is discussed here. We restrict ourselves mainly to websites for professionals in the English language.
The diagnostic sonography (ultrasound) profession is populated by technophiles. In general, people who gravitate to ultrasound are not afraid of technology or computers. For this reason alone, it is not surprising that sonographers and sonologists have flocked to use the Internet and the World Wide Web (WWW) for education, consultations and communications with colleagues across the globe.
There will be a time (perhaps sooner than one might think) that a practice website (or homepage) will be as normal, and as necessary, as telephone and fax nowadays.
Feasibility of laparoscopic myomectomy is now accepted even if the attention is still stressed on technical difficulties due to myoma location and size and difficulty in reapproximating the incision by laparoscopic suturing that requires perfect mastery of endoscopic suturing.
The objective of this manuscript is to study the pregnancy rate and the prognostic factors for conception after myomectomy carried out in cases of infertility.
A case of unicornuate uterus with cavitary non-communicating rudimentary horn suddenly revealing with acute abdomen is presented. The patient was managed by laparoscopic miniaccess hemihysterectomy.
Brief overview of human egg and embryo freezing. Discussion of merits of currently utilized cryopreservation protocols. Practical issues of cryopreservation with reference to egg or embryo selection, and thaw replacement protocols. Alternative cryopreservation technologies.
This article discusses the nature of infertility treatment and its relation to infertile couples' desires for multiple pregnancy, the special risks of iatrogenic multiple pregnancy (IMP), the informed consent process in assisted reproductive technology, and the ethical dilemma of IMP and methods for its resolution.
A 35-year-old nulliparous woman with a giant uterine myoma is described. During the past three years she had developed a intramural myoma and a subserous myoma. Although the lesions were excised, both reappeared and were treated with GnRH analogues for 6 months.
This video illustrates a technique for removing a large uterus during a Laparo-Endoscopic Single Site (LESS)/ single incision laparoscopic surgery (SILS) technique for total or supracervical laparoscopic hysterectomy. A morcellator is used to remove the uterus in small pieces. This technique allows the entire procedure to be performed through one single incision in the belly-button. Patients can often go home the same day.
Over the past two decades, an epidemic of multiple pregnancies has taken place in the developed world due to the widespread use of assisted reproductive technology. The general public has come to accept the phenomenon of higher order multiple as being a normal occurrence, expecting a good outcome for both the fetuses and the mother.
Molecular Mechanisms in Uterine Epithelium during Trophoblast Binding:The Role of Small GTPase RhoA in Human Uterine Ishikawa Cells