Obstetrics

What are the impacts of alcohol use during lactation?

Among women with opioid use disorder (OUD) at high risk for unintended pregnancy, onsite contraceptive services coupled with financial incentives to attend follow-up visits to assess contraceptive satisfaction was a significantly more efficacious and cost-beneficial intervention than without incentives or with usual care, according to a prospective randomized clinical trial in JAMA Psychiatry.

Despite current recommendations to perform a fetal echocardiogram in all in vitro fertilization (IVF) pregnancies, recent study findings show that may not be necessary.

As more extremely preterm infants survive delivery, a study examines whether the advances that allowed for that survival also improve neurodevelopmental outcomes.

Clinicians should carefully consider using noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) for the screening of chromosomal abnormalities in twin pregnancies because the combined positive predictive value (PPV) is limited and the screening efficiency is not stable, according to a prospective study.

Despite the inadvisability of performing early amniocentesis (EA) before 15 gestational weeks due to a high rate of miscarriage, a retrospective cohort study has found no significant difference in the procedure-related risk of miscarriage between EA, at around 14 weeks gestation, and mid-trimester amniocentesis (MA).

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Nearly 1 in 5 Black women and 1 in 6 Latina women who experience gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) during pregnancy are diagnosed with type 2 diabetes within only 8 years postpartum, according to a study poster at the American Diabetes Association (ADA) virtual conference.

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A report in Pediatrics offered information on the clinical presentation, prevalence, and outcomes of a simultaneous serious bacterial infection with mastitis.

His mother’s past medical history is significant for preeclampsia, previous opiate, and cocaine abuse, and current tobacco use, and she was incarcerated during the pregnancy. What's the diagnosis?

A recent study shows that abnormal development is controlled by the genetics of the fetus and placenta, rather than the intrauterine environment.

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“Opioids affect placental development and function in animal models, but human data on their association with ischemic placental disease are limited,” wrote the authors.

Despite the umbilical artery (UA) Doppler pulsatility index being used to detect elevated fetoplacental vascular resistance, the metric is confounded by variation in fetal cardiac function and is only moderately predictive of placental pathology.

A session at the virtual Scientific Sessions for the American Diabetes Association examined the potential long-term outcomes for a child who experiences neonatal hypoglycemia.

A session at the virtual Scientific Sessions for the American Diabetes Association offered some best practices for diagnosing and treating hypoglycemia.

An investigation looks into whether a new respiratory support system reduces intubation or death in the delivery room.

Healthy diets are known to reduce risks of chronic diseases, but what is known about their impact on common pregnancy complications?

A report offers the first epidemiological data that applied new criteria for bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

“Promoting healthy weight gain during pregnancy is important for both pregnant people and their babies,” said Task Force member Aaron Caughey, MD, MPP, MPH, PhD, a professor and chair of ob/gyn at Oregon Health & Science University in Portland.

Although fortification of expressed breast milk (EBM) via commercially available human milk fortifiers (HMF) has been shown to increase short-term weight and length among preterm very low-birth-weight (VLMW) neonates, widespread adoption of HMF is hampered by high cost and the increased risk of severe adverse events.

A pending prospective, multi-center study will assess whether mothers with cystic fibrosis can maintain their health if they become pregnant.

This list was compiled by Christine R. Isaacs, MD; and William M. Leininger, MD, as a supplement to their presentation from the 2021 American College for Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) Annual Clinical and Scientific Meeting (ACSM), held virtually April 30-May 2.

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